The resolution point 1 from the UAE Global Climate Action at COP 28 – 2023 underscores the longstanding acknowledgment by Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) regarding the importance of involving non-Party stakeholders in the multilateral process. This engagement has been recognized since COP 20 with the initiation of the Lima-Paris Action Agenda and has further evolved through the appointment of High-Level Champions since COP 21 and the establishment of the Marrakech Partnership for Global Climate Action at COP 22. The document emphasizes the pivotal role played by the High-Level Champions and the Marrakech Partnership in achieving outcomes on Global Climate Action at COP 27. Parties welcomed the leadership of the High-Level Champions and actively encouraged both Parties and non-Party stakeholders to participate in and contribute to the Marrakech Partnership. The resolution highlights the continuous efforts and collaboration between governmental and non-governmental entities in addressing climate change, emphasizing the need for a collective and inclusive approach in achieving global climate goals.
Positive Side of the Resolution:
Recognition of Importance: The resolution positively acknowledges the long-standing recognition by Parties of the importance of engaging non-Party stakeholders in the global climate action process. This recognition indicates a commitment to inclusivity and the understanding that addressing climate change requires the involvement of various actors beyond national governments.
History of Collaboration: The reference to initiatives such as the Lima-Paris Action Agenda, the appointment of High-Level Champions, and the Marrakech Partnership reflects a history of collaborative efforts. This history suggests that progress has been made in fostering cooperation between governments and non-governmental entities, showcasing a positive track record in addressing climate change.
Leadership Appreciation: The resolution expresses appreciation for the leadership of the High-Level Champions and the outcomes they have achieved on Global Climate Action at COP 27. This positive acknowledgment indicates that the efforts of these leaders and initiatives have contributed to meaningful results in the fight against climate change.
Encouragement for Engagement: The resolution encourages both Parties and non-Party stakeholders to actively engage in the Marrakech Partnership. This encouragement demonstrates a commitment to fostering broad-based involvement, recognizing that effective climate action requires the participation of diverse actors such as businesses, cities, subnational regions, investors, and civil society.
Negative Side of the Resolution:
Historical Recognition, Limited Action: While the resolution highlights historical recognition of the importance of non-Party stakeholders, critics might argue that this acknowledgment has not always translated into concrete actions or sufficient progress. There could be concerns that the initiatives mentioned, such as the Lima-Paris Action Agenda, have not produced the desired impact in addressing the climate crisis.
Potential Lack of Binding Commitments: The resolution may lack clear and binding commitments from Parties and non-Party stakeholders, potentially resulting in voluntary participation without enforceable measures. Critics might argue that without robust mechanisms, the engagement may not lead to meaningful outcomes or substantial contributions toward climate goals.
Ambiguity in Leadership Roles: While the resolution appreciates the leadership of High-Level Champions, there could be concerns about the ambiguity in defining the roles and responsibilities of these champions and the Marrakech Partnership. Lack of clarity in leadership roles may lead to inefficiencies or challenges in coordinating global climate actions effectively.
Dependence on Encouragement: The resolution relies on encouragement for Parties and non-Party stakeholders to engage actively. Critics may argue that a lack of stronger mandates or incentives might result in insufficient participation or commitment from key actors, limiting the overall impact of the resolution.
